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The major criterion remains voting in elections which is consistently somewhat higher than the other measures. Milbrath, op. Gender and Political Participation, The Political Quarterly Publishing, Oxford. Some people may refuse to say the pledge of allegiance to express their dissatisfaction with government. 73 No. In 2010, only about 23 percent of eligible eighteen- to twenty-nine-year-olds cast a ballot (Center for Information & Research on Civic Learning and Engagement). The survey on students of the three Jordanian universities (Al-Al Bayt University, Jordanian University, and Mu'tah University) was conducted to explore the impact of gender, age, family income, and regional affiliation on the students voting. Direct link to 07amclain's post It says that blue collare, Posted 3 years ago. Which of the following best explains how the organization can operate to influence. Based on the above, the present study examines the impact of (gender, age, family income, and regional affiliation) on the voting of the university student in elections, because of the reluctance of Jordanian university students to vote in elections. In the USA, the participation of the youth in elections is very low. (1997), Knowing and caring about politics: gender and political engagement, The Journal of Politics, Vol. The report focuses on explaining participation in campaigns in the Latin American and Caribbean regions of the Americas. More voters were mobilized during this period of political upheaval in which people focused on issues of race relations, social welfare, and the Vietnam War (Piven & Cloward, 2000). The more the regional affiliation varies, the more students voting in the elections differs. In addition, their aversion from the activities of the parties. They can post their views on blogs and energize their supporters using Facebook groups that provide information about how to get involved. This study aims to identify the factors affecting the political participation of Jordanian university students, especially their voting in national and local elections. Political Participation in the United States: Influences & Voter In addition, there was an age gap in voting in national and local elections, as young students voting was low. After reading this section, you should be able to answer the following questions: Americans have many options for taking part in politics, including voting, contacting public officials, campaigning, running for and holding office, protesting, and volunteering. In addition, it led the marginalized groups to be reluctant to participate in the voting. The social environment definitely has an impact on political participation. Familys Impact on Individuals Political - ed Huntington, S. and Nelson, J. These amendments aimed at increasing the ratio of women's representation and voting, by granting equal rights for women to vote and run in elections, such as a quota in Parliament. In addition to the requirement that voters must be eighteen years of age, states can enforce residency requirements that mandate the number of years a person must live in a place before being eligible to vote. factors It provides citizens a sense of dignity and value, alerts both the rulers and the ruled to their duties and responsibilities and facilitates broader political understanding. Citizens can show their unhappiness with leadership choices by the symbolic act of not voting. How do you think not letting them vote might affect what kind of policy is made. This was consistent with the studies of Pyeatt and Yanus (2018), Homana (2018), which confirmed the low participating of young people in voting. What motivated you to get involved? American Government and Politics in the Information Age by University of Minnesota is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License, except where otherwise noted. Campaign activity also produces collective outcomes. Milbrath, L. W. and M. L. Goel, Political Participation, 2nd ed. Expressing opinions about leaders, issues, and policies has become one of the most prominent forms of political participation. In spite of the dissemination of civil society institutions after 1989, awareness of civil culture and political participation was still poor (Tillian, 2011, pp.1-2). Americans are more likely to make a financial contribution to a cause or a candidate than to donate their time. Turnout varies significantly across localities. Once a candidate gets on the ballot, she must organize a campaign, solicit volunteers, raise funds, and garner press coverage. It included respecting of human rights, popular participating in political life, etc. Moreover, it was noted that the number of students with family income (more than 700 dinars) was at the total number of (219) including (164) participated in the voting with (88.6 per cent) in the same category. The study concluded that, Although the democratic transition and the subsequent constitutional and legal amendments in Jordan, which gave women equal rights with men, and allowing engagement in political parties and civil activities, there was a gap in the voting of Jordanian university students in national and local elections due to some demographic factors (gender and age), economic factors (family income) and some social factors (regional affiliation). The full terms of this licence may be seen at http://creativecommons.org/licences/by/4.0/legalcode. WebFactors Influencing Political Participation: 1. Political parties also have an important role to play in political participation. This article is published under the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY 4.0) licence. (8) of 1974 was issued to change the political life for Jordanian women. As there are differences in voter turnout ratio according to age groups, the voting ratio in the age group (23 less than 18years old) was low. Although the percentage of people running for and holding public office appears small, there are many opportunities to serve in government. By involving people in the affairs of the state, participation promotes stability and order in the system. Some of them. Therefore, the Jordanian leadership showed more interest in expanding political participation by declaring the return of parliamentary life and resuming the parties activities after a suspension that lasted for many years, as well as establishing civil organizations. Three factors seem to affect political participation among Native Americans a history of violent conflict and deep distrust of federal, state, and local actors ( Peterson 1997 ), a widely dispersed population ( Herrick and Mendez 2019 ), and few federal, state, or local officials representing tribal interests ( Schroedel and Aslanian 2017 ). The survey was conducted on the students of the three Jordanian universities (Jordan, Al-Al Bayt, and Mu'tah), to identify the impact of gender, age, family income and regional affiliation on the voting of Jordanian university students in national and local elections: Table I shows the results of the analysis of the public universities students views on voting in national and local elections according to the gender. 1, pp. Political participation includes voting and any other activity that shapes, affects or involves the political field. Some are directly associated with the electoral sub-system and some are with other political activities. 1, pp. Men vote more than females (Childs, 2004, p. 422). of relevant theory and empirical research that provide insight related to the factors that cause voting behavior and their relations. 6-18. Serving on a local governing or school board, volunteering in the community, and running for office are forms of participation that require significant time and energy. New media offer additional opportunities for people to engage in campaigns. Turnout in states that have Election Day registration averages ten points higher than in the rest of the country (Wolfinger & Rosenstone, 1980). Political participation is recently one of the important political topics, as it shows the citizens' interest in political issues within their society. 4, pp. However, most participants are not activists for these causes. Registered voters meet eligibility requirements and have filed the necessary paperwork that permits them to vote in a given locality. 1, pp. People who have a strong sense of political efficacy, are WebSocioeconomic characteristics of a population, including age, race, gender, religion, marital status, occupation, education level, and more. Some studies concluded that the difference in age between individuals affects political participation as the ratio of political participation between young and older people is high (Pyeatt and Yanus, 2018, p. 189). Other barriers are structural. Fox, R.L. Consequently, high-income families can support the candidate who they chose. Young people, in particular, used social media, like Facebook, to organize online on behalf of candidates. Every citizen gets one vote that counts equally. 54 No. In the light of the democratization, especially in many developing countries, political participation forms expanded and diversified to include voting, participating in the campaigns, community participation and expression of opinion in society related issues (Childs, 2004, p. 422). Soon after the verdict was announced, riots broke out. The main reason for voting in the elections according to regional affiliation was practicing the constitutional right. with (43.7 per cent) for the (Jordanians). FACTORS AFFECTING WebAttitudinal Factors. Bernstein, A.G. (2005), Gendered characteristics of political engagement in college students, Journal of Sex Roles, Vol. The Motivations for Political Participation Among The composition of the electorate has changed radically throughout American history. 59 No. In Sweden, women's political participation increased as a result of women's engagement in the public sphere and demonstrations at the rate of 5.5 per cent contrary to the United Kingdom, where women's participation rate in demonstrations was (1.9 per cent) (Roth and Saunders, 2019, p. 572). As a part of its instrumental functions, the party contacts and registers voters, selects party nominees, organizes campaign activities, mobilizes rallies to influence the electorate during elections to vote and at o her occasions to favour their programmes. In addition, they pointed out that there were some political factors affected voting in elections, such as the constitutional right to vote, performance of the elected councils and candidates, political trust, party activities, etc. Every day, millions of people voice their opinions to members of Congress. The democratic transition in Jordan started in 1980. The 2008 presidential election sparked high levels of public interest and engagement. The law allowed all males and females as of 18years old to vote in elections (Article 3). http://www.cbsnews.com/video/watch/?id=1344797n. Beauregard, K. (2014), Gender, political participation and electoral systems: a cross-national analysis, European Journal of Political Research, Vol.